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ArticleOpen Access http://dx.doi.org/10.26855/er.2026.07.003

A Subjectivity-Oriented Pedagogical Model for Human-Machine Collaborative Translation

Xiao Zhang

School of Humanities and Law, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China.

*Corresponding author: Xiao Zhang

This work was supported by the 2026 Graduate Education and Teaching Reform Research Project of North China University of Technology.
Published: July 03, 2026

Abstract

Large language models are reshaping translation practice in the age of AI, bringing profound challenges to translation education. Many studies have focused on the construction of technology-empowered teaching models or competence-oriented teaching models. Translator subjectivity construction remains underexplored. Based on the social-constructivist perspective, the present study investigates the construction of translation subjectivity through teaching prac-tice. From skill training to subjectivity construction in human-AI collaboration translation, this study proposes a three-stage pedagogical model, including subject establishment, subject collaboration, and subject regulation. Across the three stages, a dynamic role evolution of teachers, students, and AI tools has been illustrated with examples from authentic in-class practices in a graduate course. With teachers’ scaffolding support and later gradual withdrawal of scaffolding, students finally develop autonomous decision-making abilities and other higher-order competences required in AI-assisted translation, achieving a human-in-command rather than human-in-the-loop position. The evolving roles demonstrate the progressive pathway of translator subjectivity construction, providing an alternative framework for translation education in the AI era.

Keyword

Translator subjectivity; pedagogical model; human-machine collaborative translation

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Copyright

© 2026 by the author(s).
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) license, which permits non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not modified or adapted.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

How to cite this paper

A Subjectivity-Oriented Pedagogical Model for Human-Machine Collaborative Translation

How to cite this paper: Xiao Zhang. (2026). A Subjectivity-Oriented Pedagogical Model for Human-Machine Collaborative TranslationThe Educational Review, USA10(7), 398-405.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26855/er.2026.07.003