Abstract
Based on Foucault’s theory of power and knowledge, this paper explores the social judgment and identity construction of Hester Prynne in The Scarlet Letter. To start with, by analyzing Foucault’s concepts of the relationship between knowledge and power, disciplinary mechanisms and discourse, the paper examines how Puritan society uses discourse and disciplinary practices to judge and marginalize Hester. Besides, through a close reading of the text, it investigates how Hester reconstructs her identity under these disciplinary forces, highlighting the transformation of The Scarlet Letter from a symbol of shame to one of power. The study finds that Puritan society reinforces moral control through discourse, while Hester continuously resists and redefines her identity within the power network, ultimately challenging the boundaries of social discipline. This research provides new insights into the application of Foucault’s theory of power and knowledge in literary critical analysis and offers theoretical support and practical reference for understanding the complex relationship between individuals and power in literary works, as well as in interdisciplinary literary studies.
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